सामाजिक द्वन्द्व र सामाजिक न्याय ।

v;fdflhs ljjfb tyf 4G4 M

     ljjfb tyf 4G4nfO{ ;dfgfyL{ ?kdf lng ;lsG5 / lng] ul/Psf] klg 5 . zflAbs cy{df ljjfb cyf{t 4G4n] emu8f, dgd'6fj, dgf]dflnGosf] l:yltnfO{ hgfpF5 . s'g} ljifo jf k|zª\udf /xg] km/s dtdf sf/0f ljjfb tyf 4G4sf] l;h{gf x'G5 . 4G4 ljz]iftM ;|f]t / ;fwgsf] ckof{Kttf jf ltgsf] cljj]sL ljt/0f, clwsf/sf] c:ki6tf, ;/f]sf/jfnf JolQm jf ;d'xsf] JolQmut jf ;fd'lxs bafasf] l:yltdf l;h{gf x'G5 . ;dfh ;dfg cfsf+Iff af]s]sf JolQmx?sf] hdft xf] hf] lg/Gt/ cGt/lqmofdf /xG5g\ . ;dfhsf ;b:ox?n] cGt/lqmof ug{] qmddf Ps csf{lar ljjfbx? l;h{gf x'g ;S5g\ . j}rfl/s j]d]nsf] cj:yf cfpg ;S5 . ;f] a]d]n Pjd\ lj/f]wfef;sf] cj:yf g} ;fdflhs ljjfb jf 4G4 xf] . ljljwtfo'Qm ;dfhdf o;k|sf/sf] 4G4 a9L km}lng] ;Defjgf /xG5 .

     dfgjzf:qLx?sf] ljrf/df 4G4 ;dfh / ;+:s[ltlar x'g] lje]bsf] cj:yf xf] eg] cy{zf:qLx?sf dt cg';f/ 4G4 b'Nf{e ;fwgx?sf] afF8kmfF8df x'g] k|lt:kwf{sf] pkh xf] . dgf]j]Qfx?sf] ljrf/df 4G4 ;fd'lxs / JolQmut  lxtsf] kl/lwdf /x]sf] lje]b xf] . To;}u/L /fhgL1 tyf /fhgLlts lrGtsx?sf] wf/0ffdf /fhgLlts ;f]rdf /xg] leGgtf g} 4G4 xf] .

v4G4sf b[li6sf]0fx? M

·      k/Dk/fut cyf{{t gs/fTds b[li6sf]0f M o; b[li6sf]0f cg';f/ 4G4 ;bf;j{bf xflgsf/s x'G5 h:tf];'s} kl/l:yltdf klg o;nfO{ bafpg'k5{ jf ;dfh, ;+u7gdf b]lvg'x'Fb}g . of] wf/0ffn] ;g\ !(#) ;Dd dfGotf kfof] .

·      dfgj ;DaGwjfbL cyf{t ;s/fTds b[li6sf]0f M of] b[li6sf]0f cg';f/ 4G4 :jefljs k|lqmof ePsf]n] o;nfO{ ha/h:tL bafpg / phfu/ x'g} glbg ;lsb}g . 4G4 plAhg ;S5 sltko cj:yfdf o:fnfO{ nfedf ?kfGt/0f ug{ klg ;lsG5 / o;nfO{ plrt lsl;dn] ;dfwfg ug{'k5{ . o;n] ;g\ !(&) sf] bzs ;Dd dfGotf kfof] .

·      cGt/lqmofTds b[li6sf]0f M ;g\ !(&) sf] bzs kl5 dfGotf kfPsf] of] b[li6sf]0f cg';f/ Ps xb;Dd 4G4nfO{ k|f]T;fxg ul/g' kb{5 . Optimum level ;Ddsf] 4G4n] ;fdflhs tyf ;fF:s[lts ultlzntfnfO{ lhpFbf] /fVb5 . ;b\efjo'Qm, zflGtk"0f{, km/s dt g} gePsf] ;dfhdf ls t Psflwsf/jfbL dfGotf xflj x'G5 ls u}/ l;h{glzn, csd{0o, oyfl:yltjfbL / xbeGbf a9L ;lxi0f' x'G5 . o:tf] ;dfh cfk"mnfO{ gf}nf] kl/l:ylt;Fu ;dfof]hg ug{ c;dy{ x'G5 . 4G4sf] ;lx Joj:yfkg ug{ hfGg] xf] eg] Tof] l;h{glzn x'G5 .

vljjfb tyf 4G4 l;h{gfsf ;}4flGts sf/0fx? M (PCICHI)

·      Community Relation Theory M ;dfhsf ljleGg ;d'xx?larsf] w'|ljs/0f / cljZjf; .

·      Positional Negotiation Theory   M cfkl; a]d]nsf] :t/

·      Human need theory  M dfgljo tyf ;fdflhs cfjZostf k"lt{ gx'g'

·      Identity theory  M JolQmut tyf ;fd'lxs klxrfgsf] nflu

·      Inter Cultural Misunderstanding theory  M  ;fdflhs tyf ;fFs[lts cGt/la/f]w

·      Conflict transformation theory

Jojxfl/s ?kdf pNn]v ug{] xf] eg] M ;fdflhs ju{ lje]b, ;fdflhs r]tgfsf] sld, pRr dxTjsf+Iff / ljZjf; tyf ;dembf/Lsf] cefjsf sf/0f ;dfhdf 4G4 l;h{gf x'G5 . -;f=lj=p=;f_

vg]kfndf ;fdflhs ljjfb tyf 4G4sf] cj:yf M

·      /fhgLlts kl/jt{gn] ;dfhdf ljefhg / ljjfb NofPsf] 5 .

·      klxrfg, kx'Fr / k|ltlglwTjsf] ljifonfO{ lnP/ ;dfhdf ljjfb l;h{gf ePsf] 5 .

·      /fhfnfO{ ;a} s''/f dfGo lxGb'Tj / lxGb'/fHonfO ;/sf/L dfGotfaf6 al~rt u/fPkl5 dGb ultdf 4G4 l;h{gf ePsf] 5 .

·      b]z ;+l3o k|0ffnLdf uO;s]kl5 clwsf/ afF8kmfF8sf] laifonfO{ lnP/ ljjfb ePsf] 5 .

·      ;Gt'lnt ljsf; gePsf] ljifon] 4G4 lgDTofPsf] 5 .

·      ;/sf/L lgsfosf] :yfkgf tyf :t/f]GgtLsf] ljifonfO{ lnP/ klg ljjfb ePsf] b]lvG5 .

·      zx/L O{nfsfdf kmf]xf]/ Joj:yfkgsf] ljifon] klg 4G4 a9fPsf] 5 .

·      ;dfhdf s'k|yfsf cjz]ifx? afFsL /x]sf]n] To;s} sf/0f obfsbf ljjfb ePsf] kfO{G5 .

v4Gbdf jftf{sf z}nLx?÷/0fgLltx? M -k|;k;;_

·      k|lt:kwf{ dfkm{t nfb\g] z}nL (Competing): I Win you  loss

·      ;dk{0f (Accomodating) : I loss you win

·      kG5fpg] (Avoiding) : No win  no loss

·      ;xof]u (Collaborating) : I win you win

·      ;Demf}tf (Compromising) : Both win both loss

v;fdflhs ljjfb tyf 4Gb Joj:yfkgdf k|zf;gsf] e"ldsf M

     4Gb  cfk}mdf Ps hl6n cj:yf xf] o;sf] Joj:yfkg Tolt ;lhnf] x'Fb}g . s'g} Ps kIfn] dfq ;fdflhs ljjfb tyf 4Gbsf] Dafe  landing ug{ ;Sb}g .  s'g} lsl;dsf] ;fdflhs ljjfb tyf 4Gb Joj:yfkgdf lgDg kIfx?sf] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf /x]sf] x'G5 M

·      ;fdflhs If]qsf cu'jfx?sf]

·      /fhg}lts g]t[Tjsf]

·      k|zf;lgs If]qsf]

·      ;fd'bflos ;+3;+:yfx?sf]

·      cGt/fli6«o dWo:ystf{x?sf] cflb .

;dfh;Fu k|ToIf ;/f]sf/ /fVg] k|zf;gsf] 4Gb Joj:yfkgdf /xg] e'ldsfnfO{ lgDg a'Fbfdf pNn]v ug{ ;lsG5 M

·      ;fj{hflgs ;]jf k|jfx ubf{ lgikIf / k|efjsf/L ?kdf k|jfx ug{],

·      ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfo{df hg;xeflutf / :yfgLo ;|f]t ;fwgsf] kl/rfngdf ljz]if hf]8 lbg],

·      l;h{gf eO{;s]sf ljjfbx?sf] ;dfwfgsf nflu oy]i6 sbd rfNg],

·      ljjfb ;DalGw ;lx ;"rgf k|jfx ug{] cflb .

v;fdflhs Gofosf] kl/ro M

     jf:tjdf h;sf] h] xf] p;nfO{ Tolx lbg' g} Gofo xf] . Gofo Ps d"No xf] . of] cfw'lgs ;fdflhs ljsf;sf] Pp6f dxTjk"0f{ xltof/ klg xf] . Gofo eGg] ljlQs} ;dfhsf x/]s ;b:o cfk"m klg c? ;/x x/]s ;fdflhs ;/f]sf/sf ljifodf ;dfg ;xeflutf / ;dfg k|ltkmnsf] xsbf/ x'g'k5{ eGg] dfGotf xf] . ;fdflhs Gofon] ;dfhdf /x]sf nfex?nfO{ ;dfg?kdf pkof]u ug{ ;Sg] cj:yfsf] l;h{gf ub{5 . cfw'lgs cjwf/0ff ;lxtsf] ;fdflhs Gofo zAb ;j{k|yd ;g\ !*$) df Luigi Taparelli n] k|of]udf NofPsf lyP . jt{dfg nf]ssNof0fsf/L /fHosf x/]sh;f] ultljlw / lqmofsnfkx? ;fdflhs Gofosf] :yfkgfdf s]lGb|t x'g'k5{ eGg] dfGotf /flvG5 . ;dfhdf JofKt dT:o Gofok|0ffnLsf] cGTo ug{] Pp6f ljlw ;fdflhs Gofo xf] h;sf] dxTjk"0f{ kIf dfgjclwsf/nfO{ dflgG5 . -dfgjclwsf/sf] ljZjJofkL 3f]if0ffkq !($* sf] wf/f @% df ;fdflhs Gofosf] af/]df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 ._ cf}krffl/s sfg'g eGbf klg ;fdflhs k|lqmof, cj:yf / k|0ffnLnfO{ dxTj lbO{ ;f]xL cfwf/df Gofo ;Dkfbg ug{] k4lt g} ;fdflhs Gofo xf] . o;n] sfg'gnfO{ dfGb}g eGg vf]lhPsf] xf]Og sfg'gsf] clwgdf /x]/ ;fdflhs lxtnfO{ al9 Wofg lbG5 eGg vf]lhPsf] xf] .

v;fdflhs Gofosf b[li6sf]0fx? M

ljt/0fsf/L jf ;dfgtfdf cfwfl/t Gofo, k'glj{t/0fsf/L jf ;dtfdf cfwffl/t Gofo / k'g{:yflkt Gofo ,

v;fdflhs Gofosf l;4fGtx? M -ckfdf hf]; zf;_

·      dfgljo k|lti7f

·      kf/:kl/s Pstf / ;b\efj

·      clwsf/ / lhDd]jf/L

·      ;xeflutf

·      zflGt k|j4{g

·      hf]lvddf k/]sfnfO{ k|fyldstf

·      ;d'bfosf] sNof0f

v;fdflhs Gofosf k"j{;t{x? M

·      /fHo ;~rfnsx?sf] ;s/fTds lrGtg / Jojxf/

·      gful/sx?df clwsf/ k|flKtsf] k"j{ lqmoflzntf

·      /fhg}lts :yfoLTj / k|0ffnLsf] :jR5tf

·      nf]stGq, ljs]lGb|s/0f / ljlwsf] zf;g

·      pRr, lbuf] / km/flsnf] cfly{s a[l4

·      lg0f{o k|lqmof / nfesf] ljt/0fdf hg;xeflutf

·      ul/aL / a]/f]huf/Ls]f ca:yfaf6 d'St /x]sf] cj:yf cflb .

vg]kfndf ;fdflhs Gofosf] :yfkgfsf] nflu ePsf k|of;x? M ;ffdflhs Gofosf] :yfkgfsf] nflu g]kfndf ljljw sfg'gL, ;+/rgfut / Jojxf/ut k|of;x? ePsf 5g\ h;nfO{ o;k|sf/ pNn]v ug{ ;lsG5 M

·      ;+a}wflgs Joj:yf M g]kfnsf ;+ljwfgx?df  ;fdflhs Gofo sfod ug{sfnflu ljleGg lsl;dsf df}lns xsx?sf] Joj:yf x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . o;} u/L /fHosf lgb]{zs l;4fGt tyf gLltx?df ;fdflhs Gofo k|a4{g ug{] ;DaGwdf ljljw Joj:yfx? klg ePsf 5g\ .

g]kfnsf] jt{dfg ;+ljwfg @)&@ sf] wf/f $@ df ;fdflhs Gofosf] xsnfO{ df}lns xssf] ?kdf pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . wf/f $@-!_ df ;fdflhs ?kn] k5f8L k/]sf klxnf, blnt ===== lk5l8Psf] If]qsf gful/s tyf cfly{s ?kn] ljkGg v; cfo{nfO{ ;dfj]zL l;4fGtsf cfwf/df /fHosf] lgsfodf ;xeflutfsf] xs x'g]5 . wf/f $@-@_ df cfly{s ?kn] ljkGg tyf nf]kf]Gd"v ;d'bfosf gful/sx?sf] ;+/If0f, pTyfg, zzlQms/0f / ljsf;sf]  nflu lzIff,, :jf:Yo, cfjf;, /f]huf/L, vfBfGg / ;fdflhs ;'/Iffdf ljz]if cj;/ tyf nfe kfpg] xs x'g] 5 .

wf/f $@-#_ df elgPsf] 5 ckf+utf ePsf gful/sx?nfO{ ljljwtfsf] klxrfg ;lxt kof{bf / cfTd;Ddfg k'j{s hLjgofkg ug{ kfpg] / ;fj{hflgs ;]jf tyf ;'ljwfdf ;dfg kxF'rsf] xs x'g] 5 .

·      cGo sfg'gL Joj:yf M ;fdflhs GofonfO{ k[i7kf]if0f ug{sfnflUf g]kfndf ljut b]lv g} ljlEfGGf sfg'gx?sf] lgdf{0f ub{} cfOPsf] 5 . h:t} M Ifltk"lt{ P]g @)!(, vfB P]g @)@#, b}lj k|sf]k p2f/ P]g @)#(, kmf]xf]/d}nf P]g @)$$, afnaflnsf ;DaGwL P]g @)$*, ;dfh sNof0f P]g @)$(, nfu' cf}ifw lgoGq0f P]g @)## cflb .

·      gLlt tyf sfo{qmfd M g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg @)&@ sf] wf/f %!-~f_ df /fHosf gLlt cGtu{t ;fdflhs Gofo / ;dfj]lzs/0f ;DalGw gLlt pNn]v u/]sf] 5 .

v;dfh / ;+:s[lt M ;fdfGotof s'g}klg k|sf/sf] Pslqt hg;d'bfonfO{ ;dfh elgG5 t/ ;dfhzf:qLo cy{df ;a}k|sf/sf] hg;d'bfonfO{ ;dfh dflgb}g . h:t}  s'g} pBfgdf /dfO/x]sf ;d'xnfO[ ;dfh eGg ldNb}g lsg sL ;dfh aGgsf] nflu ;dfhsf ;b:olar cfk;L ;DaGw tyf cGt/lqmof x'g'  cfjZos 5 . olx cGt/lqmof / ;DaGwsf] kl/0ffd :j?k aGg] Pp6f cd"t{ ;+/rgf g} ;dfh xf] . ;dfh / ;+:s[lt Ps csf{sf kl/k'/s x'g . Ps csf{df lolgx? 3lgi6 ?kn] hf]l8Psf x'G5g\ . ;dfhn] k"0f{tf kfpg ;+:s[lt Ps ckl/xfo{ tTjsf] ?kdf /x]sf] x'G5 .

v;fdflhs tyf ;fF:s[lts ?kfGt/0f M ;fdflhs tyf ;fF:s[lts ?kfGt/0f dfgj ;Eotfljsf;sf dxTjk"0f{ 36s x'g\ . ;fdflhs tyf ;fF:s[lts kl/jt{g lg/Gt/ k|lqmof xf] / of] qmlds x'G5 . eg] ?kfGt/0fn] ltj| Pjd qmflGtsf/L kl/jt{gsf] ;+s]t ub{5 . x/]s ;dfh / ;+:s[lt kl/jt{gd"vL x'G5g\ / km/s olt xf] sf]lx qmlds kl/jt{gnfO{ cfTd;ft u5{g eg] sf]xL ?kfGt/0fnfO{ . ;fdflhs kl/jt{gsf] ult / lbzf b]z  / ;dfhjdf]lhd km/s x'g ;S5 . kl/jt{g Tolta]nf k|ult x'G5 ha Tof] OR5fOPsf] x'G5 . kl/jt{g ?kfGt/0f xf] o;df s'g} Zf+sf 5}g . ?kfGt/0f eg]sf] ljsf; xf] hf] cfly{s Pj+ k|fljlws ljsf;;+u ;DalGwt 5 . ;fdflhs / ;fF:s[lts kl/jt{gnfO{ km/flsnf] b[li6n] x]Gf{' klg ?kfGt/0f xf] . g]kfnsf] kl/j]zdf s0ff{nL k|b]zdf 3'dGt] hLjg latfO/x]sf /fp6] ;d'bfox?sf] njfOvjfO[df cfPsf] kl/jt{gnfO{ ?kfGt/0f dfGg ;lsG5 . h+undf a:g] plgx? zx/df cfpg yfn]sf], k};f 5'g'x'Fb}g eGg] dfGotf ePsf]df k};fsf] dxTj a'‰g yfn]sf] h:tf s'/fx?n] plgx?sf] ;fdflhs ;fF:s[lts ?kfGt/0f x'Fb} uPsf] dfGg  ;lsG5 . cem To;}df b}n]vsf] u'F/f; ufpFkflnsfn] plgx?nfO{ :yfoL kl/ro kq k|bfg u/]kl5 t plgx?sf] ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts kl/jt{sf] If]qdf sfofkn6 g} cfpg] b]lvG5 .

v;fdflhs kl/jt{gsf l;4fGtx? M ;fdflhs ;fF:s[lts ?kfGt/0f ;DaGwL lj4fgx?n] ljleGg l;4fGtx? k|ltkfbg u/]sf 5g\ h'g o;k|sf/ 5g\ .

·      cfly{s l;4fGt M cfly{s :j?knfO{ /x]s ;dfh Pj+ Joj:yfsf] d]?b08sf] ?kdf lnO{G5 . cy{Joj:yf g} ;dfhsf] k|d"v cfwf/ ePsf]n] ha cfly{s ;+/rgf Pj+ k|0ffnLdf kl/jt{g cfpF5 ta To;n] ;du| ;dfh / ;fdflhs Joj:yfdf kl/jt{g NofpF5 . o;k|sf/sf] kl/jt{gaf6 ;+:s[lt klg k|ToIf k|efljt eO{ ;fF:s[lts ?kfGt/0f x'G5 . sfn{dfS; o; l;4fGtsf k|jt{s dWosf Ps x'g\ pgn] eg]sf 5g\ hLjgsf] ef}lts cj:yfn] g} ;fdflhs kl/jt{g ;'lglZrt 5 .

·      k|fljlws l;4fGt M k|ljlwn] cfh ;dfhnfO{ lgs} ultlzntf k|bfg ug{ lgs} dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]Nb} cfPsf] 5 . cem ;fdflhs ?kfGt/0fdf k|ljlwn] hlt ;fob} cGo kIfn] ;3fPsf] xf]nf .

·      ;fdflhs ;fF:s[lts ljsf; M ;fdflhs ;fF:s[lts ?kfGt/0fsf] o; l;4fGtn] ;dfhx? ;fdflhs tyf ;fF:s[lts ljsf;4f/f kl/jt{g / ljsl;t x'g] s'/f cl3 ;f5{ .

·      pb\ljsf;jfbL l;4fGt M ;fdflhs ;fF:s[lts ?kfGt/0f qmlds ljsf;sf] ?Kfdf cuf8L a9\b5 / ljsf;sf] lg/Gt/ ultsf] sf/0f ;dfh Pj+ ;:s[ltsf] kl/jt{g klg lg/Gt/ /xG5 eGg] tYosf] JofVof g} pb\ljsf;jfbL l;4fGtsf] hu xf] . bfz{lgs cui6 sfD6]n] ljrf/df x'g] kl/jt{gnfO{ pb\ljsf; k|lqmofsf] d"n dfg]sf 5g\ .

·      ljsf;jfbL l;4fGt M ;fdflhs tyf ;fF:s[lts ljsf;sf] ;Gbe{df ljsf;lzn / ljsl;t d'n'sx?sf]larsf] leGgtfsf] JofVof ug{] hdsf{] o; l;4fGtn] ub{5 . h; cg';f/ ljsf;lzn /fi6«x?n] vf; u/]/ plgx?sf] ;fF:s[lts ;jfndf ljsl;t ;dfh em}F aGb}hfg'k5{ eGg] dfGotf k|:t't ub{5g\ .

·      cfnf]rgfTds l;4fGt M ;dfhdf wd{, cy{ gLlt, cflb ;DalGw lgod Pj+ l;4fGtx? /x]sf x'G5g\  o;} u/L ;do ;dodf ljleGg gofF / km/s ;f]r /fVg] bfz{lgsx?sf] hGd x'G5 h;n] ljBdfg lgod tyf l;4fgGt cflbsf] ;Gbe{df k[ys dt lbG5g\ . o;/L lg/Gt/ km/s dt cfO/xFbf To;n] ;fdflhs, cfly{s cflb If]qdf gofF lgod / l;4fGtsf] hGd x'Fb} hfG5 .

v;fdflhs ;+/If0f / ;fdflhs ;'/Iff M ;fdfGo af]lnrfnLsf] efiffdf ;fdflhs ;'/Iff / ;fdflhs ;+/If0fnfO[ p:t} ?kdf cYof{OG5 eg] g]kfnL jf c+u|]hL zAbsf]zdf klg oL b'j}nfO{ kof{ojfrLsf ?kdf k|of]u u/]sf] kfO{G5 . t/ oL b'O{ Pp6} eg] xf]O{gg\ . ;fdflhs ;'/IffnfO{ ;fwg / ;fdflhs ;+/If0fnfO{ ;fWosf] ?kdf lng'k5{ eGg] ts{ klg o;sf hfgsf/x? cuf8L ;fg{] u5{g\ .

·      ;fdflhs ;+/If0f M cfly{s, ;fdflhs / zfl/l/s ?kn] sdhf]/ Go'gtd\ dfgjLo cfjZostfx? k'/f ug{ g;Sg] ;dfhsf ;b:ox?nfO{ ul/g] ;+/If0f ;fdflhs ;+/If0f xf] . ;fdflhs ;+/If0fnfO{ ;fF3'/f] / a[xt\ b'j} cy{df cYof{pg] ul/G5 .

ü ;fF3'/f] cy{df ;fdflhs ;+/If0f ;fdflhs ;'/Iffs} kof{ojfrL xf] . u/LaL, a]/f]huf/L, la/fdL, a[4fj:yf, sdfpg] JolQmsf] d[To'sf sf/0f dflg;nfO{ cfo ;'/Iff k|bfg ug{] ;fdflhs k4lt ;fF3'/f]  cy{df ;fdflhs ;+/If0f xf] .

ü a[xt cy{df x]bf{ sdhf]/ cfly{s cj:yf, bolgotf/ alxis/0fsf ;d:ofx?sf] ;dfwfg ug{ / hLjgdf cfO{kg{] k|d"v vt/f jf hf]lvdx/?sf] ;fdgf ug{ cfjZos ;xof]u k|bfg ug{] sfo{sf] ;dli6 ;fdflhs ;+/If0f xf] .

·      ;fdflhs ;'/Iff M of] ;fdflhs Gofosf] cleGg c+u xf] . ;a} hgtfnfO{ Pp6} vfnsf] ;]jfn] ;fdflhs Gofosf] nIo k|flKt x'Fb}g To;}n] ljz]if ju{nfO{ /fHon] lbg] ljz]if ;]jf ;'ljwf  Pjd\ ;x'lnotnfO{ ;fdflhs ;'/Iff elgG5 . ;fdflhs ;'/Iffsf] cjwf/0ff ;g\ !(#& df tTsflng cd]l/sL /fi6«klt ?hj]N6n] cl3 ;f/]sf x'g\ . dfgjclwsf/sf] ljZjJofkL 3f]if0ff kq !($* / gful/sx?sf /fhgLlts, cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs clwsf/;DalGw cg'aGw !(^^ df ;d]t ;fdflhs ;/IffnfO{ dfgj clwsf/sf] c+usf ?kdf lnPsf] kfO{G5 .

To:t} g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg @)&@ sf] wf/f $# df pNn]v ul/Psf] ;fdflhs ;'/Iffsf] xsdf elgPsf] 5 cfly{s ?Kfn] ljkGg, czQm / c;xfo cj:yfdf /x]sf, c;xfo Psn dlxnf, ckf+utf ePsf, afnaflnsf, cfk\mgf] ;'/Iff cfk}m ug{ g;Sg] gyf nf]kf]Gd"v hfltsf gful/snfO{ sfg"g adf]lhd ;fdflhs ;'/Iffsf] xs x'g]5 . ;fdflhs ;'/IffnfO{ klg ;+s'lrt / a[xt b'j} cy{df cYof{pg] ul/G5 M

ü ;+s'lrt cy{df o;n] cf}krfl/s If]qdf sfo{/t sfdbf/, sd{rf/L / pgLx?sf kl/jf/sf] ;'/IffnfO{ dfq ;d]6\5 .

ü a[xt cy{df ;fdflhs ;'/Iffn] /fi6« / ;dfhsf ;Dk'0f{ ;d'xx? / cf}krfl/s tyf cgf}krfl/s b'j} cy{tGqnfO{ cfk\mgf] bfo/fdf ;d]6\5 .

vg]kfndf ;~rflnt ;fdflhs ;+/If0fsf sfo{qmdx? M

ü gub ;xfotf M j[4 eQf, Psn dlxnf eQf, ;'Ts]/L ;xfotf sfo{qmd, s0ff{nL If]qsf afl;Gbfsf] nflu ;xfotf, h]i6 gful/s :jf:Yo pkrf/ sfo{qmd, k|fs[lts k|sf]k /fxt, 4G4 lkl8t Pjd\ afnaflnsf ;xfotf, ;lxb kl/jf/ lgjf{x eQf cflb .

ü j:t' ;xfotf M b'u{d lhNnfdf vfBfGg ljt/0f tyf 9'jfgL, ljBfno lbjf vfhf / t]n cflb, cfof]l8g o'Qm g'g ljt/0f cflb

ü ;]jfx? M 5fqf Pjd\ blnt / ;LdfGts[t ;d'bfo tyf s0ff{nL If]qsf afnaflnsfnfO{ 5fqj[lt lbg] sfo{qmd, lgMz'Ns k|fylds pkrf/, lgMz'Ns k|;'lt ;]jf, hf]lvddf k/]sf ;d'bfo, &% jif{ dfly / !% jif{ d'lgsf la/fdLx?sf] lgMz'Ns 8fonf]l;; / SofG;/sf] pkrf/, Go'g nfut cfjf; ;xfotf cflb .

ü ;fdflhs ljdf M sd{rf/L ;~rosf]if, pkbfg, k]G;g, gful/s nufgL sf]if, sfdbf/ / sd{rf/L hLjg ladf Pjd\ b'3{6gf ljdf, ef}lts ;Dklt Pj+ ;jf/L ;fwg ladf cflb .

ü ;fj{hflgs lgdf{0f ;]jf M s0ff{nL /f]huf/ sfo{qmd, o'jf :j/f]huf/ sfo{qmd .